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I see something I tambien not see

Today there is a little trip into a magical world in which we perceive things visually, without seeing her, and vice versa, can stare directly at something, without realizing it. Where is this world, you ask? - In your head.



First, the horse they know: The fact that people perceive something without it "see" aware for some time is certain. People with a disorder of the visual area in the brain are de facto can blind, but because the eye still works perfectly, guess pretty good, coming from the direction that the light flash. Whether a can unconsciously influence for fractions of a second on a screen faded image a person is in dispute, which has the presidential campaign of George W. Bush in 2000 but not discouraged, in a campaign spot in this way, the Democrats no longer visually perceptible as " Council (rats) to call (shot so).

is much more interesting the last until the years the focus of research shifted property of the people not to see things that are in front of him. Great things. In good light. Without hassle. Welcome to the magic cabinet of visual perception!

It starts with the fact that no one who is staring at himself in the mirror in the eyes, the notice to any other obvious movement of their own eyes. Yes, they are always in motion and never stand still. Man, this tremor the eyes do not notice (try it out:), because the eye can see in the movement itself is nothing, because the image is blurred as in a camera. So there a picture at the end of the movement . And then the eyes are closed, yes. The movement is rationalized away from the visual impression also. It's kind of eerie to know that you do not see anything in the mirror, what everyone else who has your eyes look at it is obvious.

But that was only the prelude, the fugue's coming. The brain is in fact always confronted with a problem: it should be from the flood of signals, which it can filter out the most important and constantly create space for new sensations. And so it is often fatal - the visual perception is ridiculous trifles brought completely confused. One shows a man a picture and immediately afterwards the same photo with a significant change, he acknowledges that most immediately. But not when comes between the images for 100 milliseconds, a bare gray area instead of the photo. Here is an example. I bet you did not notice the difference between the photos. Although he - Indian word of honor! - pretty is striking. The reason: If the first image disappears and the gray spot is, the brain thinks: "Aha, the picture is gone, so I delete the appropriate memory, so a bit of room free will. "And if it reappears in modified form, the brain has forgotten the details of the first image long ago and has nothing to compare.

And if you, dear reader, look at something, you have indeed a field of about . 180 degrees, but believe not know that you are all that is there, really see. As I said, filter the brain, otherwise there is a data deluge. Professor Daniel Simons of the University of Illinois, who has a flair for the absurd showed subjects a video , in which several people threw a ball. Subjects were asked to count the number of throws. suddenly appeared among the players right in the picture a gorilla, pounded his chest and disappeared. 50% of the subjects have not noticed the gorilla. Too busy they were counting. Imagine the times can melt in your mouth: You have something not directly staring and seen.

Daniel Simons, however, had more sense of humor, and went on: In an experiment shown here noticed two thirds of the passers, was that the person with whom they spoke, was replaced in the course of conversation with another. The person they had originally asked for directions, after a brief distraction that did not last longer than a second and suddenly someone was completely different from the passers-by. This other person was dressed differently, had a different voice and was also different in size. Nevertheless, the passers-by the "new" party declared on the way to draw without the slightest suspicion.

So you can actually look directly at something without seeing it - and that just because something more important three inches right or left for the brain with its limited processing capacity ( here is another good example). And if you think you could thus pass a nonsense, then I highly recommend the following card trick-follow - to the end! Meanwhile, I go back to my magic world in which one occasionally sees a gorilla standing in front of you.

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The vintage car which I am

leave today I feel. And not as a woman, a good friend or good of all spirits. Much worse. I feel abandoned by most of evolution itself, now that I am 30 years old, I am of the primal forces of natural selection that have produced this amazing diversity of living things become really care. As of now, my health and my physical well-being as it were put on automatic pilot - and when I die in five or fifty years, Nature is the same. It was 5 years ago, very different.

The aging of an organism is not so obvious. There are creatures who - really - are immortal. Easy it is for individual learning, sharing only yes, but never die . Thus, if environmental conditions are favorable, it is conceivable that a specific microbe has survived the last Ice Age to the present day. Also interesting is the life of this colleagues here - the polyp undergoing regularly just built a makeover and will return to teenagers. We humans are built but a bit more complicated - and therefore mortal (although recently known cases be, in which the aging does not seem to progress).

If we ask ourselves why we age, the question is wrongly put. It would be correct to ask why the body created by evolution should make the effort to prevent aging. Genes, which not only blind separation as the single-genes, so basically two ways to survive a long time - by forcing their bodies to live forever, or by the body to produce offspring with these same genes. You can use the body that is the one to a survival machine with protective mechanisms against harmful external factors (predators, starvation, disease, weather changes) and provide a perfect metabolism without toxic side effects. So quite a few investments. Or they can replace quality with quantity and focus on the motto "If my body just in time produce enough viable offspring that in turn pass on the genes, I do not care his future survival." Exactly for this second possibility have the genes "decided" in the higher organisms. Our body is thus used as quickly as possible to produce offspring and to make them viable. After that, he is our genes do not care. The biological theory is appropriate for even less flattering "disposable soma theory " (to German as: theory of expendable body). However, as is observed in the natural environment among primitive tribes average life span due to external factors in about 30 years ago, the human body has probably been shot this out - sexual maturity at 14-15 years, then possible get fast kids, feed them, so the transfer back of the genes, and then your body is just a classic car: The successor generation is there, it goes even still, but how far and how long he creates is his thing. He has a nostalgic value nurmehr, repaired it is a makeshift, there are better things to do.

The sexual drive is hence the stronger than about the impulse to eat a healthy diet. Not for nothing men cause traffic accidents when they see a mini-skirt , but not when they drive past a poster with organic food. Old age is to reach, the genes simply do not care. And since I am now come to this age of genetic importance, I am overcome by the forces of natural selection that bring a living being, so a proper fitness for survival left. Sadly, a vintage to be.

What to do? I want to grow old or die at least not immediately, so you look around for solution strategies. So far the only proven approach to calorie restriction To extend the life proven. For a small portion of extra years, it is also sufficient, happily married to his or (or both, what should happen occasionally), or self younger present. The micro-cellular and biological causes of aging are, moreover, now also known . It is mainly wear (intra-and extra-cellular waste, mutations in the mitochondria, shorter telomeres with each cell division) - so basically nothing Irreversible, a rather technical problem. Some serious scientists, including futurist Ray Kurzweil and biogerontologists Aubrey de Grey have announced the aging why the fight. De Grey believes that with proper effort, you can stop in a few decades, aging and eventually will turn around. For him, the aging of a disease, an evil, which leaves die every day about 100,000 people. Another question is whether immortality is a good thing. But de Grey is right when he says that we do research first and then if we have the technologies, people should have to decide whether to take it to complete. Healthier and more vital, this research would make the people in any case. Perhaps it is enough so, if, as Luis Bunuel once joked, once in ten years just waking up, reading the paper and be amazed.

Too good to be true? In the journal "Technology Review" a competition was created in order to refute de Grey's arguments. Until now no one has done. On the other hand, was assigned by his "Methuselah Foundation" a award to a research group from Illionis , who had managed to make mice live longer than half as long as usual In humans, this would have been 180 years old.

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A quite banal hero




This video shows a traffic accident, which happened in May 2008 in Hartford, Connecticut, USA. We see an elderly man as he is hit by a car and lie on the ground remains. More than a minute nothing happened. People walk past the scene of an accident, cars are happy their way, a scooter driver makes even around an elegant bow to the seriously injured, only to disappear afterwards. Eventually the police come, until then no one has even approached the poor man only. All stop and stare only.

shocking, right? The police chief looked for even prompted to say : "We have lost our moral compass." But is that really so? Well, not necessarily. This behavior, however unpleasant it may seem to us, is in some sense "normal". For there is something can produce some mighty, the good people to do evil. The great physicist Steven Weinberg once said: "For good people to do evil things, that takes religion." I would like to add something: "... or situation".

The incredible power of the situation is the psychologist for about a half a century known. Many experiments have been performed, which showed how far people in order to adapt to the prevailing circumstances, not to attract attention, "normal" to act, so to be like. It all started innocently, as Solomon Asch 1951 demonstrated that subjects shown a simple question answered incorrectly only because the rest of the group in which they were (all consecrated men of straw), also a wrong answer. If it all say, I say that too. Asch was later the doctor father of Stanley Milgram, who shocked 1962 World . In his experiment people were ready to torture another on a partly sadistic manner and to bring even in danger of death because it "required the experiment and did the experimenter, as if everything is fine. Further, it was nine years later with the Prison Experiment by Philip Zimbardo , a college friend Milgram, in the normal students were brutal beasts, because you put them in uniforms and improvised in a Prison guards than can work. The top of the situational-related madness occupied psychologists Darley and Latane 1968: In its attempt , 90% of people willing to defend even their own lives in great danger, just because it was appropriate to the situation behavior. They sat in a room suddenly invaded the vast amounts of smoke. Since the other people in the room (initiates) showed no reaction, also beat the subjects no alarm and remained sitting in the room. Had it been a real smoke, they would be stifled without exception.

The force of the situation is so immense. That just Philip Zimbardo, author of the prison experiment suggests, therefore, a new Definition of a "hero": a hero is not as we imagine it to us, a knight on horseback with flowing hair, good looks and superhuman strength. He is not a super-or Spiderman. He does not like a fallen on subway tracks unconscious student en after jumping in to save him. Held to be, as Zimbardo says very "banal" . It is enough if you are a Average person who helps once in a lifetime, if it is necessary to break through the walls of the situation-induced rigidity and indifference, does something that does not make others, and as an old on the road lying injured man when onlookers stare only. It is so easy when thinking about it. People should control a situation, not vice versa.